I have visited Starbucks lots of times for their delicious coffee. As I stand in line, I hear people order coffee with like extra shots. I tried searching up what it means but to no avail. Here's an example of what I hear people say:
I would like some coffee with two extra shots please!
What does the word "shot" mean in the coffee language? Yes, I have looked in the dictionary but no help was given.
They are referring to a "shot" of espresso. The Italian standards are that it is a volume of 25 mL plus or minus ten percent. Additional shots in a drink indicate more espresso flavor and a higher caffeine content.
A "shot" in this context usually means one ounce, or so, of espresso. So a cup of coffee with two extra shots would be a cup of coffee with approximately two ounces of espresso added.
In Italian a "shot" is called a "little cup" (tazzina; tazza = 50 mL cup). Espresso means fast, because it's made quickly.
According to p. 4 of the Certified Italian Espresso and Cappuccino guide by the National Italian Espresso Institute (Istituto Nazionale Espresso Italiano), a Certified Italian Espresso shot has these parameters:
Necessary portion of ground coffee 7 g ± 0,5
Exit temperature of water from the unit 88°C ± 2°C
Temperature of the drink in the cup 67°C ± 3°C
Entry water pressure 9 bar ± 1
Percolation time 25 seconds ± 5 seconds
Viscosity at 45°C > 1,5 mPa s
Total fat > 2 mg/ml
Caffeine < 100 mg/cup
Millilitres in the cup (including froth) 25 ml ± 2,5